05 Mar
05Mar

As you go to bigger cities like Delhi, you will find buildings everywhere—tall apartments, tall offices, shopping malls, etc. But how do builders know how tall or wide a building should be? Enter something called Floor Space Ratio (FSR). FSR is a regulation that governs how congested a building can be on land. Here are a few. If a plot is 1,000 sq. m m, and the FSR is 2, then the building's total floor Space might be 2,000 sq. m . This means the constructor can either use all areas of the plot to make a two-story building or make a high building with small floors. 

Real estate companies in Delhi are extremely competitive since the city has limited space and the population keeps increasing. — Builders will try to make sure they're utilizing their square footage to build even more apartments or offices in busy areas, so they'll target the FSR as a potential area to maximize. But there's a downside — more FSR means excess crowding. Think of a high-rise with hundreds of families but with limited water supply, roads, and parking. That's why the government imposes FSR limits to scale development against the city's existing infrastructure.How are real estate rules regulated for better governance?


  • These rules are governed by the Delhi Master Plan 2021. For example, lower FSR in residential areas to keep the neighborhoods quiet, just like how commercial areas have a higher FSR for office malls. But at times, builders try to drum up exceptions, arguing that higher FSR helps solve housing shortages. There's no end to the debate: On one hand, critics argue, it builds asphalt jungles devoid of parks or breathing space.
  • Another concern is the environmental impact. New construction leads to less vegetation and more energy consumption. It could only exacerbate existing problems such as pollution and water scarcity, which Delhi is already struggling with. And that's why urban planners emphasize good use of FSR — adding space while sprinkling in gardens, solar panels, or rainwater systems.
  • For buyers, FSR matters too. Building a higher FSR building may potentially provide cheaper apartments but also potentially involve traffic jams or bad amenities. As an alternative, a project with a more balanced (i.e., fully utilized) FSR may cost more, but it may also provide a better quality of life.


FSR is the high-wire act for real estate in Delhi. It's about building enough to satisfy demand without damaging the city's future. As Delhi continues to grow, this balance will be critical to ensuring the city remains liveable for everyone.

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